I wonder what Dan Finnegan means?

Dan Finnegan, the former head of Yahoo’s HotJobs property, is quoted in the NY Times today saying this:

“Businesses like travel, shopping, music and even HotJobs were all great products, but none were going to make a huge difference in the fight with Google unless we used them to drive the main search business.”

HotJobs has been the main focus of the Yahoo / Newspaper consortium to date.  While, in the short-run, HotJobs did get Yahoo the ability to distribute search onto all their newspaper partner sites,  is that how Dan meant the quote?  My experience has been that Dan’s sentiment generally = vertical search (or, more accurately, Universal Search).   It’s about driving query volume for the core search property.  If that’s actually the case – and Yahoo is starting to focus on driving core search volume at the expense of their “local” verticals – how much will that hurt help their newspaper partners?

Ken Doctor and Terry Heaton have been providing good insight into the Yahoo – Newspaper consortium for some time now.

Google News To Reward Updates, Local Sources

SearchEngineLand.com posted today that Google News has updated its algorithm.

The two key enhancements:
1) Updates to its “news cluster” when a source adds updated or new information to a breaking story. The site doesn’t simply show the most recent publisher to post a story, but rather rewards the sources that first broke the story. Implications: more exposure for sites that stay with story; opportunity for editors to abuse this by making frequent, meaningless updates.

2) A “signal” that gives weight to a quality publisher who is geographically close the story. While a marquee news brand might dominate coverage of a big story, Google News isn’t forgetting about the little guys with deep roots at the center of the action. Implications: worthy rewards for original reporting with local context.

Google News, in a recent blog post recognizing the struggle to balance quantity and quality, assert it’s not “just about including every story; it’s about helping you find the stories that matter most to you” (hear that, Topix?). Rewarding quality local publishers and the consumer all in one fell algorithmic swoop? One more reason to put stock in news aggregators.

In The End, Content Drives Sales

Before I wade into this, let me throw out a couple of caveats.

Yes, I do work for Internet Broadcasting, but I’m not in sales. I don’t have any direct contact with client sales departments, and in fact, most of my experience here (and at my previous jobs), is on the journalism side.

But I do have experience working at news startups, and also run a small news site of my own in what passes for my free time. I know first hand what it’s like to be a scrappy web dog, wrangling for traffic and ad numbers and attention.

So take what I say not as some IB pontification, but as a guy who knows what it’s like to have few resources, little time and lots of financial pressures.

Everyone wants some magic bullet for online ad revenue. You’ll hear a lot of talk about how to sell your inventory, ways to package it and aggregate your traffic for national advertisers. All of these are legitimate and worthwhile discussions.

But if I’ve learned anything, it’s that at the end of the day, what’s actually on your site will drive your ad sales. Great content opens up sales opportunities and insures that you’ll not only make that initial sale, but end up with a happy advertiser who will return for another round.

Whether you talk to salesmen at web-only news sites, newspaper sites or TV web plays, the dirty little secret is that you’re always battling the churn rate with advertisers. A lot of people get sold ads without understanding what works (and what doesn’t), and there are a lot of sales people out there who will sell some poor schmoe a package that will never deliver for them.

Relevant content enables sales opportunities. If people read something that is useful and that speaks to their needs, they will not only interact with current ads, they will be more likely to interact with ads in the future. I harp about building local relationships a lot here, but that’s because it’s good business. Happy, satisfied consumers will reward advertisers on the site, and that translates to a stronger bottom line.

Sometimes building that customer satisfaction means learning to help guide your advertisers. Even if that means saying “No.”

Let me give you an example. I was looking at a local news site last night trying to get a handle on traffic conditions. One site I visited had a nifty interactive traffic map sponsored by a towing company. Hey, a great fit, you would think.

But for whatever reason, a nearly full screen ad for the towing firm shaded the map everytime I visited. I must have seen the damn thing 40 times, and let me tell you, at the end of the experience I vowed to never call that towing firm.

Now maybe this was a cookie problem and maybe it should have only popped up once. And I suspect that the towing firm paid extra for the ad, because either the firm or the ad saleperson was convinced that a roadblock ad like this was “effective.”

Yep, it was effective, but maybe not in the way they planned.

Odds are this client won’t re-up, unless they’re strictly focused on impressions. In which case they’ll be happy with my 40, and everyone will continue on making the same mistake for the next quarter.

There are ways this ad relationship could have not only been effective, but built a stronger brand for the towing company. Consumers don’t really hate advertising. They hate stupid ads, which is generally a preventable disease.

A Recipe for Local News Online

pegasus.gif
Take a heap of staff stories. Stir in a cup of AP and aggregated articles. Fold in some user-generated content and material from media partners. Don’t forget that pinch of secret algorithm.

What you get is Pegasus News, a tasty blend of local news, events, commentary and ads. Mike Orren, former publisher of Texas Lawyer, created the recipe more than a year ago to serve the Dallas market. One unique ingredient is The Daily You, an algorithm-based feature that learns a user’s interests and delivers customized content.

Pegasus News was an interesting little experiment – until July. That’s when Seattle-based Fisher Communications, owner of 19 TV stations and eight radio stations in the Pacific Northwest, bought the site and announced plans to duplicate the operation in other markets.

Fisher aims to use its sales muscle to help Pegasus garner more ads and leverage its database of registered users. Nothing frightfully original there. The real cash may come from Fisher’s plan to license the Pegasus model in other markets. The idea is to market an out-of-the-box solution to media companies and others eager to grab a share of local traffic and ad buys.

Pegasus isn’t a journalistic powerhouse just yet. Some of the staff articles are a line or two long. And the lead item in the “Your Neighborhood” section might be a notice about a lost Yorkie. But with the Fisher sale, Pegasus sheds its ma-and-pa status and became a real player in the mad dash for local traffic.

Orren, the master chef who may soon see his creation become a national franchise, took some time the other day to talk about Pegasus, the Fisher sale and the future of local news online. Here’s the Q&A.

What changed at Pegasus after the sale?

The major change is that we’re no longer operating like we’re broke. It’s a big mindset shift from not knowing if you’re going to live out the month to working on a five-year plan. Consequently, most of the change in the first few months has involved getting systems in place; patching things that were previously held together with shoestring and bubblegum.

That’s mostly stuff that isn’t public-facing, but I suppose there has been some change in our thinking about which features to roll out when. We’ve changed the key decision point from “how sexy will it look to an investor” to “does it improve the site experience?”

We had about 16 full timers and two part timers pre-acquisition (all of whom worked for four months plus without pay before we did the deal). We now have 18 full time and six part timers. Most of the addition is in sales, and there’s been some shifting of roles.

What’s the status of the Fisher/Pegasus plans to expand to other cities? What factors go into choosing?

We are all very committed to getting things right with the DFW site and not propagating our mistakes all over the country. With our lack of resources before, we really didn’t have much of a sales operation and that’s what we’re focused on now. That said, once we’ve got that clicking — and we certainly hope that’s during ‘08 — we’ll look at rolling to other markets.

As far as factors for choosing a city, there are all the same ones we’ve always entertained about market composition — but one of the most important is having key media partners that can accelerate our growth, as opposed to doing it ourselves like we did in Dallas. So obviously the bigger Fisher TV markets like Seattle and Portland are high on the list. But we’re also interested in partnering with broadcasters and print properties in cities where Fisher has no footprint.

Talk a bit about “panlocal” vs. “hyperlocal.” What’s the difference?

The problem we’ve always seen with the whole hyperlocal trend is that there is a very finite number of people in a neighborhood or a suburb who are interested enough in that community to go to a separate source, even online. That means you may have a very active community that’s meaningful to those people who are passionate — but it’s not a business. And, the fact is that a narrow geography is only one of many factors that connect me to people where I live: Are you a parent? What kind of music do you like? What sports do you follow? Where will you eat on the way home tonight? The universe of people who find that information useful is larger, which means there’s enough of an audience to be meaningful to more than the 10 businesses closest to you (many of whom probably have locations all over the metro area).

So by being Panlocal (broadly local, niche and neighborhood) — and then customizing — you can reach people on all of those dimensions, increasing your universe of community members and advertisers.

In other words, if you can put hyperlocal content in front of someone while they’re checking NFL scores, traffic and where to eat tonight, there’s a larger audience for it. It’s what the newspapers should be doing instead of having all these separate hyperlocal products.

How does the business generate revenue? Are these streams enough to carry the Dallas operation? As background, this is from a Donna Bogatin blog post with Fisher Senior Vice President Rob Dunlop in July:

Fisher envisages a three-prong business model for the monetization of Pegasus:

  1. Targeted, local merchant advertising leveraging the local media sales know-how and clientele of Fisher’s TV and radio stations,
  2. Traditional database marketing leveraging Pegasus’ relationships with its registered users,
  3. Licensing of the new Fisher-Pegasus panlocal Internet media model to offer prosepctive partners “speed to market” entry into the online local news business.

We’re still focused on the first two — and you have to remember that we basically had no salesforce pre-acquisition, getting ads mostly over the transom. We’ve been building our sales team the last few months and should start seeing that impact in Q1 ‘08.

What we’re selling now is primarily display advertising with progressively higher CPMs for run-of-site, geotargeted (within a square mile) and behaviorally targeted. There are also section sponsorships and targeted email and SMS messages.

One of the differences we see on the ad front already is that people are more willing to talk to us post-acquisition and less skeptical that we’re for real. Fisher brings a real sense of legitimacy and comfort to the advertisers we talk to. So while the revenue didn’t become self-sustaining overnight, we’re certainly moving in the right direction. And once the momentum is right, we’ll be ready for Fisher and non-Fisher markets to replicate the model.

How’s your traffic doing?

Traffic’s certainly grown throughout the year, and tends to go in spikes and plateaus. We’re up around 280,000 unique visitors monthly and about 10,000 registered users. We’ve done that pretty much all on word of mouth and organic search. We’re starting to do marketing tests on everything from event presence, to SEM, to billboards, to direct mail.

How would you describe the Pegasus “secret sauce?”

I don’t know if it’s a secret sauce so much as an amalgam of best practices we picked up from watching others in the space. The blend of content sources and the customization are a big part of it. I’d also say that our “voice,” which is distinct, has a lot to do with it. While we’re not The Daily Show, we try not to be so deadly serious about everything. We try to approach everything with a wink without ever being mean. That’s something you don’t see a lot in traditional local news. And, a funny or off-the-wall picture with a zinger caption can make something like a run-of-the mill press release interesting to a lot more people.

We also work really hard to make everyone who engages with the site feel like there are real people behind it. Customer service requests and email inquiries are almost always answered same-day. We’re active on our comment boards. In the increasingly rare case that a user posts a substantive comment and no one from the community engages them, a staffer does so. We’re very transparent and often blog about our challenges and solicit advice from the community. So I think that there’s both a sense that we care, that we’re curating and that we value what everyone else brings to the table.

The Coming Consolidation Wave

Singer Mary-Chapin Carpenter once noted that “sometimes you’re the windshield, sometimes you’re the bug.” And I suspect many local news operations have felt a bit like both in recent years.

As print circulation and advertising swoon, the newspaper industry, and news providers generally, have looked for a lifeboat online. And there have been some promising pieces of news in the online advertising market.

The Newspaper Association Of America’s Randy Bennett recently pointed out that in 2003, newspapers collected a mere $1.2 billion from their online operations; last year the figure was nearly $2.7 billion. “We’re growing at a double-digit rate,” he says.

But as The Washington Post’s Paul Farhi notes in this column (which comes from the January issue of The American Journalism Review), there are some serious challenges on the horizon. Overall traffic growth for online news sites in general has slowed to a trickle, and there seems to be some audience consolidation taking place.

–After years of robust increases, the online newspaper audience seems to have all but stopped growing. The number of unique visitors to newspaper Web sites was almost flat – up just 2.3 percent – between August 2006 and August 2007, according to Nielsen/NetRatings. The total number of pages viewed by this audience has plateaued, growing just 1.8 percent last year.

–Newspaper Web sites are attracting lots of visitors, but aren’t keeping them around for long. The typical visitor to nytimes.com, which attracts more than 10 percent of the entire newspaper industry’s traffic online, spent an average of just 34 minutes and 53 seconds browsing its richly detailed offerings in October. That’s 34 minutes and 53 seconds per month, or about 68 seconds per day online. Slim as that is, it’s actually about three times longer than the average of the next nine largest newspaper sites. And it’s less than half as long as visitors spent on the Web’s leading sites, such as those run by Google, Yahoo! and Microsoft.–As competition for visitors grows, news sites are rapidly segmenting into winners and losers. In a yearlong study of 160 news-based Web sites (everything from usatoday.com to technorati.com), Thomas E. Patterson of Harvard University found a kind of two-tier news system developing: Traffic is still increasing at sites of well-known national brands (the New York Times, CNN, the Washington Post, etc.), but it is falling, sometimes sharply, at mid-size and smaller newspaper sites.Local news sites benefit in theory from having a built-in relationship with local readers. But as these statistics show, that relationship will disappear unless you work hard to engage the readers, and keep them coming back. It’s impossible to compete with the scale of a CNN or NY Times, and it’s not even enough to be the dominate news voice in your local market.

It’s about integrating your audience into your web site(s). Finding ways to engage them and keep them on your site for longer periods of time. That involves a rapidly evolving mix of forums, games, news features, videos, UCG and whatever else it takes.

Take a look at the front page of your site today and ask yourself this question. “If I didn’t work here, how long would I spend on this site?”

Hearst-Argyle to Resell Google AdWords for Local Advertisers

htv-goog.pngHearst-Argyle announced earlier this week that they will resell Google AdWords across their 26 local TV station sites to local advertisers. Here is Hearst-Argyle’s press release:

(Full disclosure: Hearst-Argyle is a customer and equity investor in Internet Broadcasting)

Hearst-Argyle First Television Reseller of Google AdWords

NEW YORK, Nov. 28 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ — In an effort to target the growing local search advertising market, Hearst-Argyle Television, Inc. (NYSE: HTV) today announced a new strategic agreement with Google in which Hearst-Argyle will become the first television industry reseller of the Google AdWords(TM) advertising program.

Under the agreement, Hearst-Argyle, operator of 29 TV stations and more than 30 Websites, will become an official reseller and will use its Web sales force to provide marketers in its 26 local markets access to Google AdWords. AdWords is an online advertising platform designed to help small and medium- sized businesses use the Web to find new customers by delivering relevant ads when users search for specific products and services.

“This is a terrific partnership to expand the digital suite of solutions we provide our advertisers,” said Terry Mackin, Executive Vice President of Hearst-Argyle Television. “This entry point to the local search market complements our existing digital media efforts which include local content, social networking, and being a primary destination in all our markets on ‘all three screens’.”

“Our new collaboration will build on the trusted relationships that Hearst-Argyle has already established by selling local television and Web advertising,” said Eric Stein, director of local markets at Google. “Now, local marketers will also have access to an additionally efficient and cost- effective way to reach customers on the Internet and help drive their continued success online.”

Boston, MA-based research firm Yankee Group recently projected that local search and Internet ad spending will grow from $1.9 billion this year to $9.3 billion in 2010. According to research by New York-based Access Markets International (AMI) Partners, Inc., more than 50% of U.S. small businesses believe they can use the Internet for sales, marketing and customer support.

Today’s announcement represents an expansion of Hearst-Argyle’s relationship with Google. In June 2007, Hearst-Argyle became the first independent TV station group owner to establish a content- and revenue-sharing arrangement with YouTube(TM). To date, Hearst-Argyle has launched 26 YouTube Channels populated with news, weather, sports and entertainment videos as well as with original, local television programming and content from its recently launched social-networking site High School Playbook (www.HighSchoolPlaybook.com).

Hearst-Argyle’s digital multimedia efforts encompass the Web and the digital broadcast spectrum. A majority of the Websites operated by Hearst- Argyle stations are consistently ranked No. 1 within their respective markets. Generating in excess of 1.5 billion page views each year across the network, the sites are at the leading edge in providing wireless application protocol (WAP) content, podcasts, web-based newscasts, web video, and blogs in a broad cross-section of markets. Several Hearst-Argyle stations have used digital spectrum to launch weather and/or traffic information channels.

AdWords is a cost effective, efficient way for businesses of all sizes to advertise their products and services at exactly the time their customers are looking for them. Businesses can select and bid on keywords related to what they are selling and pay only when an interested user clicks on their ad. Advanced targeting options, customizable ads, and detailed reporting enable advertisers to evaluate the benefits and performance of their cost-per-click advertising efforts. More information is available at www.adwords.google.com.

A Very Simple Question…

Do you consider yourself knowledgeable about the online community in your area?

Then answer this question.

Name three prominent local blogs and/or bloggers.

If you can’t do that, then you aren’t nearly knowledgable enough about your local online scene. If you don’t want to use these blogs as any part of your news coverage, that’s your call. Don’t want to ever link to local blogs from your site? I think that’s a bad call, but it’s your choice.

But if you don’t have a clear sense of who is blogging locally and why, then you have no baseline for deciding what your news organization should be doing online.

Have You Hugged A Banner Ad Today?

Many local advertisers are mesmerized by the glamor of search advertising – and for good reason. Search offers a direct response vehicle that matches clicks to results, it’s essentially self-service – any business can get an ad on Google or Yahoo within minutes, and it’s hyper-targeted meaning advertisers can reach consumers at the right place at the right time. Of the $20+ billion expected to be spent on online advertising in 2007, approximately 40% of that will go to paid search, according to eMarketer.

But as paid search becomes more time consuming with advertisers having to managing hundreds, if not thousands of keywords, and costs increasing with its popularity, some local advertisers are looking elsewhere for new customers online, as The Kelsey Group found. When looking to best allocate their budgets, local advertisers must not forget their old friend — the display ad. display-ads.jpg

Still a force online with approximately 30% of all online ad dollars (eMarketer), display ads can have a huge impact on campaigns, as Robin Neifield points out in her ClickZ article. Display ads differ from search ads in their ability to catch consumers’ attention, reinforce a brand, create memorable messages, and raise top-of-mind awareness through compelling graphics and rich media.

Because of the Web’s inherent ability to track, direct response marketing and measurement have proliferated in online advertising. But as Neifield says:

“Online remains largely a direct marketing realm that rewards the last point of consumer contact prior to a sale or conversion. This last touch point has the perception of ultimate value when, in fact, many contributing factors should share credit. An exceptional marketer understands these fine points.”

The smart local advertiser and media buyer will understand how display ads fit in with their online mix. While search can provide instant gratification, the smart plan is to use search together with display ads to build brands, create awareness, and ultimately drive new customers.

Don’t Think Branding, Think ‘Being Part Of The Social Fabric’

aol.gif
Whether you’re a television station, newspaper or radio station, you are probably obsessed with “branding.” Which makes sense, if you’re dealing with traditional media.

If your TV station is branded “News 13,” well, then you want everything you’re associated with to be branded the same way. You want your website to be News13.com and you are going to focus all of your station resources towards that co-branded site.

But that “branding is everything” philosophy doesn’t necessarily translate to the Web. Online users are less impressed with a brand, and more likely to be drawn to sites that are useful to them, no matter who they are affiliated with. It’s all about the connection to users, and to the social fabric of the web.

That point is illustrated by this Washington Post piece on AOL’s current trend of launching websites which often have no direct connection to AOL.com itself.

AOL executives say their new products attempt to capitalize on an Internet that is rapidly becoming a mix of feeds, blogs, widgets, profile pages, user-created content and other elements that are collectively regarded as Web 2.0.

“It’s really about getting a piece of the usage,” said [Kevin] Conroy, who is leading the new strategy from his office in Dulles. “You don’t just steal someone from that environment and say, ‘Come here.’ You want to be part of the social fabric.”

To a traditional local news executive, not branding something seems insane and counterintuitive to your core business. But there are a number of advantages to the idea, not the least of which is creating an extended local ad network, similar to the one AOL is creating nationally.

Beyond that mainstay, much of the new strategy involves services and products that don’t prominently feature the AOL brand. A joint venture with Telepictures Productions, TMZ is the top gossip site on the Web, according to ComScore, with more than 10 million unique visitors in October. Yesterday’s headlines included “Ballroom Battle of the Sexes” and “Britney, Please, Leave Chris Crocker Alone!” The only clue to its parent is a small “AOL News” logo at the top of the page and a few tiny links to AOL sites. Another popular site is Black Voices, the top destination for African American content, which has almost no mention of AOL. AOL has bought Userplane, a Los Angeles start-up that focuses on providing chat software to other sites, and it has a plug-in for Facebook that lets friends know when a user is online. Redskins fans can get free e-mails with the address @Ultimateredskinsfan.com through AOL. There are similar opportunities for local news organizations. If you’re in a state capitol, then launching a state politics site with integrated discussions is a natural. If you’re in a big, sprawling city, launching a site that focuses on the suburbs is a good fit.  A radio station group would be a good match for a site highlighting the local music scene, etc. There are lots of possibilities, and by not branding them with your core news organization brand, you have the chance to have a product that is lively and engaged without worrying about interfering with the mission of your newsroom.Engaging in your community’s social fabric is more than just sponsoring a Health Fair or running a Toys For Tots campaign. It’s also about connecting with people indirectly and  seeing the conversation not as a branding opportunity, but a chance to build a relationship.

User-generated only gets you so far

Editor & PublisherWho knew? Good local news coverage that people want to read depends on good journalism.

 

Steve Outing, proponent of citizen journalism and columnist for Editor and Publisher, shares an excellent cautionary tale about his experience relying on user-generated content to create a business.

 

The idea seemed solid: Create a site centered on an expert contributor (say, a climbing enthusiast who knows what she’s talking about and can write informatively) but count on energetic climbers out there to jump in and provide lots of great content. Read Steve’s post because I’m glossing over details, but fundamentally, the user-generated stuff as a whole just wasn’t good enough or consistent enough to attract a big enough audience to make a business. Too much crap, not enough real information that readers found worthwhile.

 

It will be a while before the primordial ooze of user-generated content evolves into a living, breathing reliable news provider without a strong framework of  people who are paid to find stuff out and tell the world about it.

 

The number of people systematically gathering news in an organized fashion matters. Having thousands of user/gatherers out there sending comments, photos, videos, documents and more is a tremendous opportunity. But that mass needs help. As the economic model crumbles for old-fashioned newspapers and TV stations, the old-fashioned gatherers, writers, choosers and filterers continue to have value.